Chronic Subdural Hematoma Associated with Arachnoid Cyst in a Soccer Player: A Case Study & Literature Review

Introduction Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are congenital, benign brain lesions that are often discovered incidentally. However, their presence can sometimes contribute to serious complications, especially in athletes exposed to repetitive head trauma. A recent case study explores the link between AC and chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in a young soccer player, highlighting the need for awareness in sports medicine.

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Understanding Arachnoid Cysts and Subdural Hematoma

• ACs are extra-axial fluid-filled cavities within the brain, making up about 1% of intracranial masses.
• CSDH typically occurs following minor head trauma, where slow bleeding accumulates between the brain and its outer covering.
• Studies suggest that athletes with AC may be at increased risk for CSDH due to frequent head impacts.

Case Summary: Soccer Player with AC & CSDH

• A young male soccer player presented with persistent headaches over three weeks.
• Initial CT scans showed a left temporal AC, but no immediate complications were noted.
• Symptoms worsened, leading to an MRI that revealed a 20mm thick subdural hematoma.
• Neurosurgical intervention successfully drained the hematoma while leaving the AC intact.
• The patient fully recovered but was advised to avoid further soccer participation.

Medical Insights and Broader Implications The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) emphasizes that even minor head trauma can lead to serious complications in individuals with pre-existing brain abnormalities. Early detection, careful monitoring, and protective measures are essential for athletes with AC.

Key Findings and Recommendations

• Athletes with ACs should undergo regular neurological evaluations.
• Repetitive head trauma may increase the risk of subdural hematoma, warranting further investigation.
• Minimally invasive procedures, such as burr-hole drainage, are often effective in treating CSDH.
• Coaches and sports medicine practitioners should be informed about the risks associated with AC in contact sports.

Read the full study at https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.acr.1001037.

Conclusion & Call to Action This case highlights the importance of medical vigilance in athletes with AC. While soccer is not traditionally considered a high-risk sport for brain trauma, repeated heading of the ball may pose hidden dangers.

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