COVID 19’s Shift from Pandemic to Endemic A Genetic and Clinical Overview

Introduction

As the world continues adapting to life after the peak of COVID-19, understanding the transition of the disease from a pandemic to an endemic is more crucial than ever. A recent study published in the International Journal of Clinical Virology explores the viral mutations, genetic predispositions, and treatment pathways that shaped COVID-19’s trajectory.
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Highlights of the Study

• Genetic Basis of COVID-19 Susceptibility:
  Variants in genes like ACE1, TMPRSS2, MUC5B, and HLA-C07:29* play a significant role in disease severity and individual response to infection.
• Transition Mechanism:
  Mutations in the spike protein and receptor-binding domains (RBD), particularly in Delta and Omicron variants, have driven changes in transmissibility and vaccine effectiveness.
• Long COVID and Its Impact:
  Up to 70% of patients report lingering symptoms such as fatigue, muscle aches, and organ impairment months after recovery.
• Therapeutic Strategies:
  Interventions like mRNA vaccines, convalescent plasma, and Ayurvedic therapies show varying degrees of efficacy. Clinical tools like RT-PCR, CRISPR-Cas diagnostics, and AIOD assays offer precise detection.

Read the full study at: https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijcv.1001049

The Broader Healthcare Perspective

The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes the importance of ongoing surveillance, vaccination, and public health infrastructure to transition into endemicity effectively. These include:

• Vaccination coverage and booster campaigns
• Genomic surveillance (e.g., via platforms like Pangolin)
• Clinical guidelines by NICE and NIHR for managing long COVID

Insights into Host-Virus Interaction

• Infection Mechanism: The spike (S) protein’s affinity for the ACE2 receptor enables SARS-CoV-2 entry, especially in the lungs, liver, and kidneys.
• Host Immunogenetics: Genetic polymorphisms influence immune response and disease outcome—highlighting the need for personalized approaches.

A detailed analysis can be found in our main journal article.

COVID-19: From Global Emergency to Managed Disease

The research underscores a pivotal insight: while the pandemic stage may be fading, preparedness must remain vigilant. Endemicity doesn’t eliminate riskit redefines how we manage it.

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