How Blood Type Impacts COVID-19 Risk Insights from ABO Group Studies

Introduction

Can your blood type influence how your body responds to COVID-19 Recent research published in the International Journal of Clinical Virology dives into how ABO blood groups may affect the infectivity and severity of SARS-CoV-2. The study reveals compelling associations between blood types and COVID-19 outcomes, helping researchers better understand the underlying biological mechanisms at play.
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How Blood Type A Increases COVID-19 Susceptibility

• Individuals with blood group A may have a higher expression of ACE2 receptors, the entry point for the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
• Natural anti-A antibodies are absent in group A, removing a critical barrier to viral entry.
• Studies indicate more ICU admissions and ventilator dependency among blood group A and AB patients.

Why Blood Group O May Be Protective

• Group O individuals possess both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, which may block the virus from binding to host receptors.
• Lower furin enzyme activity in group O might reduce viral entry efficiency.
• Global datasets show people with blood group O are 926% less likely to test positive for COVID-19 compared to other groups.

Mixed Evidence for Blood Groups B and AB

• Blood group B presents a variable picture: some studies suggest lower mortality, while others show moderate infection rates.
• AB blood group doesn’t significantly affect infectivity rates but is linked to more severe symptoms and extended ICU stays.

Pregnancy, Blood Groups, and COVID-19 Outcomes

• Pregnant women with blood group A or Rh-positive status are more prone to severe COVID-19 symptoms.
• Blood group O and Rh-negative status may offer some protective benefits.
• No strong evidence of vertical (mother-to-fetus) transmission was observed, although fetal outcomes may vary.

External Perspective: Role of ACE2 in Infection

The World Health Organization (WHO) and related scientific entities have emphasized the ACE2 receptor’s role in facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. Blood type may modulate ACE2 expression, influencing susceptibility and severity.

Full Article Access and Citations

A detailed analysis can be found in the full article:
Read the full study at https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijcv.1001039

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