Unmasking Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress in Correctional Psychologists A Hidden Mental Health Crisis

Introduction

Correctional psychologists work within some of the most challenging environments in the mental health profession. This study investigates the psychological toll of their work specifically, how burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are influenced by personal world assumptions and perceived control. These findings shed light on a critical yet overlooked facet of mental health services.
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Key Insights from the Study

This research, conducted across 22 Russian correctional settings with 87 participating psychologists, used validated psychological scales including the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Here’s what it uncovered:

• Burnout and STS are strongly interconnected – each can amplify the effects of the other.
• Negative world assumptions (such as low belief in the world’s benevolence or meaningfulness) are associated with higher levels of STS and BO.
• Internal locus of control helps buffer against burnout but not necessarily against STS.
• Correctional psychologists face higher risks compared to those in other clinical settings, due to the hostile and high-stress nature of their work environment.

Statistical Highlights:

• Participants with high burnout scores had significantly elevated STS scores.
• A lower sense of self-worth and less belief in a benevolent world was found among those reporting higher BO and STS.
• Years of experience were positively correlated with increased STS symptoms, especially avoidance and arousal components.

Psychological Context and Broader Implications

Burnout in mental health professionals has long been acknowledged, but in the forensic and correctional sectors, it is under-researched. According to the American Psychological Association, chronic workplace stress in emotionally demanding environments can lead to serious health consequences, both physical and psychological.

Moreover, the National Institute of Corrections recognizes “corrections fatigue” as a critical occupational hazard, highlighting the need for institutional strategies and mental health resilience training.

Further Reading

Read the full study at: https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jfsr.1001003

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Protecting the Mental Health of Correctional Psychologists

The study suggests that burnout may paradoxically reduce vulnerability to STS by lowering empathy, a potential coping mechanism in high-trauma work. However, this raises ethical concerns and underscores the urgent need for:

• Improved organizational support.
• Training in resilience-building.
• Policies that acknowledge secondary trauma as a real occupational hazard.

These interventions not only support staff well-being but also enhance inmate rehabilitation outcomes.

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