How to Manage Balloon Entrapment During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of a Calcified Lesion A Case Report

Introduction:
In this case report, we examine the rare but life-threatening complication of balloon entrapment during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of a calcified lesion. Balloon entrapment can occur during PCI and has significant implications for patient care. Understanding the methods to manage this complication is crucial for ensuring better patient outcomes.
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Main Content Sections:

• The case involved a 68-year-old patient with a calcified stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), who experienced balloon entrapment during PCI.
• The balloon failed to deflate after dilatation, causing significant complications, including pain and ST-segment elevation.
• Successful management involved a technique referred to as “Buddy-Balloon” combined with a “Cage” to retrieve the trapped balloon and resolve the occlusion.

Potential Balloon Entrapment Mechanisms:

• Acute recoil from a highly calcified lesion.
• Strangulation of the balloon by the guiding catheter before complete deflation.
• Breakage or bending of the hypotube.

Management Strategies:

• Dilating the balloon in the inflator and overexpanding it.
• Using a second guidewire for a Buddy-Balloon technique.
• In extreme cases, surgical intervention may be required.

Integration of External Medical Sources:
The American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes that understanding the complex mechanisms of PCI complications, such as balloon entrapment, is key for enhancing procedural safety and patient recovery.

• Read the full study at https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jccm.1001142.
• A detailed analysis can be found in our main journal article here.

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